Which memory test is which
“Memory” is not one ability. Psychologists split it into several systems, and each test above targets a different one.
| Test | What it measures | Typical result |
|---|---|---|
| Number memory | Digit span, the classic short-term memory measure | 7 to 8 digits |
| Verbal memory | Recognizing words you have already seen | 25 to 45 words |
| Visual memory | Remembering a pattern of positions | 7 to 9 levels |
| Sequence memory | Remembering positions in order | 6 to 9 steps |
| Chimp test | Working memory for numbered positions | 7 to 9 numbers |
Short-term and working memory
Every test on this page measures short-term or working memory: information you hold in mind for a few seconds while you use it. This is the memory you rely on to keep a phone number in your head while you dial, or to remember the start of a sentence by the time you reach the end.
It has a small capacity. For most adults the limit is about seven digits or around four separate chunks of information. That limit is why these tests get hard so quickly.
In the model most researchers use, proposed by Alan Baddeley and Graham Hitch in 1974, working memory has a speech-based part and a visual part. The number and verbal tests lean on the first. The visual, sequence and chimp tests lean on the second.
What these tests do not measure
They do not test long-term memory, such as recalling what you did last weekend or facts you learned at school. They also cannot tell you whether your memory is medically normal. Sleep, stress, distraction and simple unfamiliarity with the task all move the scores.
Use them the way you would use a stopwatch on a run: to see where you are today, and whether practice is making a difference.
How to get a fair result
- Take each test two or three times. The first run is mostly learning the rules.
- Test when you are rested and not distracted.
- Look at the average in the Your scores panel on each test page, not only your best run.
- Compare with yourself over time. Scores are saved in your browser and listed on the dashboard.